14 Games for the Physically and Mentally Disabled

Next we will make a list with 14 games for the disabled Physical and mental, both children and adults. If you are an educator or if your child has a disability these games can be useful.

Both children with disabilities and those with no disability are entitled to play and access to toys. In spite of this right, the first ones find serious difficulties to be able to use much of the games and toys of the market.

Previous considerations to consider in games for people with physical disabilities

The fact of having a physical disability , It should not prevent the child from playing with his or her friends or colleagues. The game for a person with physical disability is very important, since it provides a means of closer participation with their environment and helps them to have pleasant moments in their spare time (Costa et al., 2007).

In most cases, these people can not play because they are not Adapt activities to their needs . On other occasions it is only necessary to vary the forms, the complexity of the game, the objectives or the rules so that they can participate in the activity (de Vivienda and Asturias, 2003).

With regard to games and motor disabilities:

• We can never start from the child's disability but from his or her ability, that is, from what he can do.
• Although the person is physically disabled, it is not appropriate to abuse adaptations. You only have to provide the means and supports when it is essential and those that are necessary.
• It is convenient to combine different types of games, depending on how much or little that affects the performance of the features presented by the child. This is related to the pleasure of the game, which increases as it no longer requires attention for its learning.
• If the child is to perform an activity, which is known to control, there is no need to be offered any help. Sometimes it can give you impatience and feelings that hinder the rhythm.
• Occasionally, it may be necessary for a partner to help you, so the monitor has to know how to match the equipment, time, rhythms.
• If it is not possible to adapt the game the monitor / a must assign a role to the child that is compatible with their mobility problems.

Games for people with physical disabilities

Here are some games that can be used in both small and large groups:

1- Face and Cross

Title : Face and Cross

Main content: Basic motor skills and speed.

Material: You do not need to perform the activity.

Number of participants : 2 teams of up to 10 players will be needed.

Development:

Once two teams of ten players are formed, they should be placed separating the rows with a distance of approximately 1.5 to 2 m and 1 m between each student. Next, the teacher will assign a name to each group,"face"or"cross". The activity is that if it says face or cross the team that calls itself that way you have to try to catch the members of the other group before they reach an area they previously named as safe. Each student has to try to catch his partner next door.

Accommodations:

It must be taken into account that there is homogeneity in couples. In addition the teacher has to pay close attention to how the traps should be done so that they do not endanger their physical integrity. In some cases, materials such as balls will be added so that the person with physical disabilities can catch his partner simply by throwing it away. You also have to take into account how your partners trap you, so you should be aware of how to do it and the ways that exist. One way would be to tap his shoulder.

2- The sculptor

Title: The sculptor

Main content: Body knowledge and relaxation.

Material: No material is required to perform this activity.

Number of participants: Between 20 and 22 participants will be required (in pairs).

Spatial requirements : A space that is as level as possible.

Development:

The children have to form couples and one of them is going to be the sculptor and the other the sculpture. The first one has to make a sculpture with the body of his partner, for it will have to move both the arms as well as the legs, as well as the other parts of the body. The companion who does sculpture has to keep in mind that it will not be able to move while the activity is being carried out. Once the sculptor has finished the other companion must guess which figure it is. They can change the roles.

Accommodations:

In case there is a child with physical disability, you must take into account the movements you can or can not do. It will also have to be taken into account if there are people who have problems of balance, in this case they will perform the activity seated. On the other hand, if there are children who present a big problem in the limbs, he / she will participate giving the orders to the teacher so that this one realizes the sculpture to another companion.

3- The Giant Ball

Title: The giant ball

Main content: Basic motor skills and tactile perception.

Material: One giant ball for each group.

Number of participants: There will be groups of 10 people.

Initial situation: All together by groups located in different places of the room.

Development: The game consists of while moving the ball to prevent it from falling to the ground. Firstly, it is necessary to remember the place where it is intended to be carried.

Adaptation:

- If a person with a physical disability participates, they should be expected to touch the ball at the same time as their teammates while they are moving.

4- The divorced

Title: The divorced

Main content: Basic motor skills and spatial organization.

Number of participants: Maximum group of 10 people.

Development:

Since the children are forming a couple, one partner acts as a persecutor and the other persecutes. The second can be saved when you go looking for him by grabbing the hand of another member of another couple. The remaining partner will become the pursued and so on until the pursuer catches him.

Adaptation:

- Sometimes it is possible that they can not shake hands, so it will be considered valid that they are located close to each other.

5- Earth, sea and air

Title: Earth, sea and air

Main content: Spatial perception.

Number of participants: Between 15 and 20 people maximum.

Material: Benches and mats.

Development: The teacher will shout land, sea or air and for each word the child should go to a specific site. If you shout the word"earth", you can run through the space in which the activity is being performed. If on the other hand you shout"sea"you should go to the mats. Finally, if you shout the word"air"you should go to the banks and try to raise your legs.

Adaptation: For people who participate with physical disabilities, actions such as lifting your legs by touching the bench will be replaced, as in the case of the mats, your mission will be to touch it as quickly as possible.

6- The king

Title: The king

Main content: Basic motor skills and visual perception.

Material: No material is required for this activity.

Number of participants: Groups of 5 people can be made.

Development: Before starting, players must be placed in a certain way. They should be placed in a row one behind another leaving a distance between them of one meter. Then the first of each row will act as king. The companions of each group have to imitate their actions and the one that fails is eliminated. The role of king will be rotated among the members of the group.

Adaptation: In principle, no adaptation is required to carry out this activity. The only thing that has to be present is that the person who plays the role of king, consider what can and can not do his partner to not generate discomfort.

7- Cut the thread

Title: Cut the thread

Main content: Spatial organization and basic motor skills.

Material: It will not be necessary to use any material.

Number of participants: Between 20 and 25 people.

Development: The students will be distributed by the room where they are going to carry out the activity of random form. A player will be in charge to stop the companions and to specify the name of the person to whom it is going to persecute. The alluded one must flee, while the rest of companions helps him to cross it in the imaginary straight line that unites persecuted and persecutor. Once you have done this, the pursuer must chase after the one who has cut the thread.

Adaptation: No adaptation is necessary to perform this activity, as the student would only have to have agility to move. In the case that the teacher sees fit, the student can have an assistant to help him move more easily and faster.

Previous considerations in games for people with intellectual disabilities

In general, people who present Intellectual disability They handle information more slowly than other people. This causes their responses to be slower.

The game is very advisable for these people, since they can mold the Brain function And cause both substantial and lasting modifications that facilitate learning.

In addition, it is recommended as it stimulates them, helps to relate to others, gives them psychological benefits and can generate new learning (Antequera et al., 2008).

Some characteristics and implications to be taken into account for leisure and leisure activities and the intervention of monitors according to (Costa et al., 2007):

• People with intellectual disabilities need supervision and support in a generic way, as they lack initiative and lack of control.
• It costs them to distance themselves from things, to make abstractions... They stick to the concrete.
• Any kind of paternalistic relationship in which the child feels inferior, protected or different from other partners should be avoided.
• You must be sure that you have understood the messages.

Games for people with intellectual disabilities

Here are some games that can be used with people with intellectual disabilities in the classroom:

1- Dancing, dancing

Title: Dancing, Dancing

Main content: Temporary organization.

Material: Handkerchiefs or fabrics, CDs with songs that encourage dancing and movement.

Number of participants: A maximum of 10 people.

Development: Everyone should have a handkerchief. They must be distributed as they wish for the site where the activity is to be carried out. When the music starts to play, you can move and dance with the handkerchief as you like. The teacher will have to go quoting the body parts and the students should point to them with the handkerchief in addition to dancing at the same time.

Adaptation:

- In case it is necessary, a more relaxed type of music will be used so that the student can identify the parts of the body without problems as well as his companions.

2- Bank play

Title: Bank play.

Main content: Basic motor skills and auditory perception.

Material: A bank and an audio player.

Number of participants: Groups of up to 12 players will be made.

Development: The activity is that when you listen to the music everyone should get up and turn the bank in a clockwise direction. When it stops, they will have to sit down quickly and avoid being the last. Whoever arrives last, will be eliminated.

Adaptation:

- As in the previous activity, you must use music with rhythms that are not very fast, in order to give you time to act.

3 - Draw in space

Title: Draw in space

Main content: Basic motor skills

Material: Ribbons similar to those used in rhythmic gymnastics.

Development: Once all the children have their tape, they will have to be placed freely by the space where the activity is going to take place. Then you have to make movements with the tape both in motion and without moving. They can also imitate the movements of other partners.

Adaptation:

- When necessary the monitor should help the child with the movements of the arm or even performing the activity with him.

4- The flying globe

Title: The flying balloon

Main content: Coordination skills.

Material: Large balloons and a volleyball net or similar.

Participants: Groups of 12 people.

Development: Once the participants have been divided into two groups, each team has to maintain its balloon while sending it to the opposing group. You can send the balloon by touching it with your hand.

Adaptation:

- For people with disabilities, you can be given guidelines on how many times you have to touch the balloon before sending it to the other team.

5- The pump

Title: The bomb

Main content: Basic motor speed and ability

Material: A ball or any object that can pass.

Development: Children are placed in a circle, while a person stays in the middle of that circle. The partners who form it will have to pass the ball clockwise, while the one in the middle is counting from one to ten. When it reaches number ten, the person who has been holding the ball will be penalized to be in the center of the circle.

Adaptation: In the case where people with a high degree of disability participate in the activity, the account will be extended until twenty or thirty in order to give you time to understand how the game is going. In the event that you can not understand it, you will need the help of a colleague or even the monitor if necessary.

6- Going home

Title: Back home

Group content: Reaction speed.

Number of participants: Two or three groups of 12 to 15 people.

Material: To perform this activity, you will not need any material.

Development: Children will be placed in pairs. First, two circles of different sizes will be formed, in the small one the"A"will be placed very close to each other. While their pairs"B"form the other circle at a mean distance from them. The"B"are the only ones that can move, so they will begin to move around the room until the teacher shouts"come home". When this happens everyone will have to look for their partner in the small circle they formed previously.

Adaptation: In the case of moderate disability, both persons who form the couple will wear a garment of the same color in order to identify both members. If it is not possible to use a garment, any material that does not hinder the activity may be used.

7- Rain of balls and net

Title: Rain of balls and net

Group content: Cooperation game where motor skills are developed.

Material: A net of volleyball and as many balls as they have.

Development: The net will be placed at a height of about 50 cm-1m above the players. While the balls will be scattered around the room. Participants should take all the balls and throw them against the net. Since they are divided into two teams, whoever has previously scored all the balls that have previously been assigned a color for each group will win.

Adaptation:

- No adaptation is necessary for this activity. If there is a problem, the teacher should take the necessary adaptations.

conclusion

All people, whether disabled or not, need to play with their peers to have a correct physical, social and psychological development. Our duty as parents and educators is to participate in these activities based on their abilities and adapting them whenever necessary to their needs.

And what other games for people with disabilities do you know?

References

1. Antequera, M., Bachiller, B., Calderón, M. T., Cruz, A., Cruz, P. L., García, F. J.,... & Ortega, R. (2008). Manual of assistance to the students with specific needs of educational support derived from intellectual disability. Ministry of Education. Junta de Andalucía.
2. Costa, M.; Romero, M.; AIJU Mallebrena, C.; Fabregat, M.; Torres, E.; Martínez, MJ.; Martínez, Y. Zaragoza, R.; Torres, S. and Martínez, P. (2007). Game, toys and disability. The importance of universal design.
3. Of Housing, C., & de Asturias, B. S. D. P. (2003). Principles and recommendations to promote the exercise of the rights and social participation of persons with disabilities. Fortunately divers @ s.
4. Hernández, M.R., & Rodríguez, A.B. (1998). The game and students with disabilities (Vol. 43). Editorial Paidotribo.
5. Pereda, C., of Prada M.A., Disabilities and social inclusion. Colectivo loé Collection Social Studies, núm. 33. La Caixa Social Work. 2012.