The Most common mexican foods Are part of a culinary tradition that fuses Mesoamerican cuisine with European, especially Spanish.
Some elements of Spanish cuisine were added to Mexican cuisine after the conquest of the Aztec empire during the sixteenth century. Although l The main ingredients are still native foods, such as corn, beans and hot peppers.
Europeans, however, introduced a large number of ingredients, the most important being meats of domestic animals (beef, pork, chicken, goat and sheep) as well as dairy products, different herbs and spices.
Initially, the Spanish conquistadors tried to impose their style of feeding in Mexico. Failing to do so, cooking styles gradually began to integrate, particularly in the convents of the colonial era.
This gave rise to different regional styles of cuisine, such as those that arose in Oaxaca, Veracruz and the Yucatan Peninsula.
List of the 40 most common Mexican foods
1- Ceviche
It is a sea dish, popular in the coastal regions of America, especially in the center and in the south of the continent. It is commonly prepared with raw fish marinated in citrus juices and spices. Add onions such as onion, salt and pepper. It is usually used as a garnish or accompaniment of other dishes.
2- Elote
It is the local name that receives the corn cob. It is boiled and served as a traditional street dish in Mexico. Add condiments such as salt, chili powder, butter, cheese, lemon juice, mayonnaise or sour cream.
3- Fideo
It is traditionally used in soups. There is a great variety of recipes that use it, but the most common one involves browning it in oil and adding a chicken or beef broth with tomato puree, hot peppers, garlic and onion. When served, can be seasoned with lemon juice, hot sauce, sour cream and Mexican cheese.
4- Refried beans
It is a typical Mexican dish based on cooked and crushed beans. Normally pinto beans are used, but in some regions red or black beans may be used. They can serve as main course or as an accompaniment to other dishes. They are a basic ingredient in the preparation of some tacos, chimichangas Y Pupusas .
5- Guacamole
It is a sauce of Mexican origin made from avocado . It is prepared by crushing avocados in a molcajete (typical mortar) with salt. Some recipes include tomatoes, lemon juice, cilantro, garlic and spices.
6- Jicama
Jicama is the name that receives this species of turnip or yam in Mexico. It is the edible part of the root of this tuber. It is typically served in chunks or slices that are flavored with lemon juice and chili powder. It is an antojito (street food) that is traditionally sold in the streets.
7- Nopalitos
It is a preparation based on nopales, which are cooked and broken into small pieces. Nales are sold fresh, canned or bottled. Its flavor is light and somewhat acidic, its texture is crispy and somewhat slimy. They are prepared with eggs to be served at breakfast and also in salads and soups for lunches and dinners.
Their carbohydrate content is very low, so they are commonly used in the treatment of diabetes. In addition this plant has other Excellent health benefits .
8- Pambazo
It is the name that receives this appetizer, very similar to the cake. Gets ready With a white bread that is open in half, bathed in a marinade based on guajillo pepper and stuffed with potatoes and chorizo. The type of bread that is used is hard and is not crunchy.
9- Pico de gallo
In Mexican cuisine, pico de gallo is also called fresh salsa. It is a raw preparation of chopped tomatoes, onions and sometimes hot peppers, usually jalapeños or serranos. It can also contain lemon juice, fresh coriander, cucumbers, turnips and occasionally some fresh fruit, such as mango.
Its use is similar to other sauces, but since its liquid content is lower, it can be used as a main ingredient in tacos and fajitas.
10- Salsa
Mexican sauces were traditionally made using the Molcajete , A stone mortar, although at present it is common to use blenders in their preparation.
There is a great variety of sauces, with different ingredients, which are common in different regions. Among them, the red sauce, the raw sauce, the green sauce, the ranchera sauce, the brava sauce, the guacamole, the mole and the chipotle sauce.
11- Tortilla
The name literally refers to a"small cake". It is a thin cake made with corn or wheat dough that is consumed throughout the year and as an accompaniment to any food. They are used on the basis of tacos, burritos, chilaquiles, toast and enchiladas. They are one of the most important elements in Mexican cuisine.
12- Totopos
Triangular pieces of tortilla that are fried in oil or cooked in the oven. Its origin goes back to the Zapotec region of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec.
Unlike tortillas, totopos can be stored for a long time to be consumed later. This is due to its low humidity. Totopos serve as a vehicle for the consumption of refried beans, sauces or guacamole.
13- Meatballs
The name of these meat balls comes from the Arabic"al-bunduq", which means hazelnut. It is believed that this dish was implanted in Spain during the Arab conquest. Mexican dumplings are commonly served in a tomato soup with vegetables.
14- Barbecue
This dish is prepared with mutton that is cooked slowly in an oven at floor level, regularly a hole that is digged, lit with wood and covered with soil to allow cooking.
15- Birria
It is a spicy stew based on goat or sheep meat. It is served on festive dates, such as Christmas, New Year, Mother's Day or even weddings. Originally from Jalisco, it is a typical dish in many Mexican restaurants. Served with corn tortillas, onions, cilantro and lemon juice.
16- Burrito
It is a taco made with wheat flour tortilla, which is filled with different ingredients. Inside it may include refried beans, rice or meat.
17- Roasted meat
It is a roasted beef preparation consisting of thin slices of fillet, sometimes marinated or slightly salted, with pepper and spices, which is cooked on the grill. You can eat alone or with other foods. It can also serve as an ingredient for the preparation of tacos.
It is a dish that is normally consumed in the northern region of Mexico, in the states of Baja California, Coahuila and Nuevo León.
18- Carnitas
This dish is prepared from braised or roasted pork. It is a typical dish of the Mexican state of Michoacán and is internationally recognized. It is served with fresh coriander leaves and chopped onion, salsa, guacamole, tortillas and refried beans.
It can be a main dish or serve as an ingredient in the preparation of tamales, tacos, cakes and burritos.
19- Cecina
It is meat that has been salted and air dried or smoked. In Mexico it can be mainly of two types, one that is marinated and another that is marinated with hot peppers.
Cecina can be prepared based on pork or beef. The town of Yecapixtla, in the Mexican state of Morelos, is famous for the preparation of this dish.
Chalupa
This typical dish from the states of Puebla, Guerrero and Oaxaca is prepared using small disks of corn masa that are fried to produce crispy toast. These toasts are glazed with various ingredients such as chicken, fence, onions and Chipotles . They are very similar to the Sopes And garnachas. They are used as snacks or snacks.
21- Chicharrón
It is usually prepared with fried pieces of pork skin, although it can also be prepared with chicken, lamb or beef. In Mexico it is eaten in tacos or gorditas with green sauce. You can also eat alone, as a snack or snack.
22- Chilaquiles
The chilaquiles are a traditional Mexican dish consisting of tortillas cut into triangular pieces and later fried. Subsequently covered with green, red or soft sauce until totopos soften. Fried egg or chicken can be added to the mixture. Garnish with onion, sour cream and cheese, accompanied by refried beans. It is a typical dish for breakfast or lunch.
23- Chiles en nogada
The name relates to the walnut tree. Poblano chiles stuffed with minced meat, aromatic herbs and fruits, bathed with a sauce based on dairy cream, walnut and pomegranate seeds. The plate includes the three colors of the Mexican flag, green, white and red.
Traditional Chilean chile originated in the city of Puebla and is closely related to the Independence of Mexico, since the dish was first prepared for the emperor Augustine de Iturbide.
24- Chimichanga
It is a burrito that is fried in oil and is popular in the cuisine of the northern states of Mexico, Sonora and Sinaloa, and also in the southeastern United States. It is prepared by filling a tortilla of wheat flour with different ingredients such as beans, rice, cheese, beef or chicken and folding it into a triangular figure. Later it is fried and accompanied with sauce, guacamole, sour cream and cheese.
25- Empanada
It is a preparation in which bags of corn or wheat dough are filled. The filling can consist of different ingredients. There are different types of empanadas according to the region of Mexico that are visited, which vary in their preparation and in the ingredients of the filling.
26- Enchilada
The enchilada is a tortilla made from corn or wheat flour that is wrapped around a filling and covered with sauce. They can be filled with a wide variety of ingredients, including meat, cheese, beans, potatoes, vegetables, seafood or a combination of them.
27- Escamoles
These are the larvae of the ant of the species Liometopum , Which are taken from the roots of agave or maguey plants in Mexico. They are considered a delicacy in Mexican cuisine and are also called"insect caviar". Its consistency is similar to that of the cottage cheese and a flavor similar to that of butter, although with touches of walnut.
28- Fat
In Mexican cuisine, gorditas are small corn cakes stuffed with some ingredient. The gorditas are cooked in a comal, a typical Mexican frying pan, although they can also be fried in oil.
After cooking, the gorditas are allowed to cool and then cut to complement with vegetables, sauce, sour cream and lemon juice. The most typical chubby is that filling of pressed chicharrón. It can be found throughout Mexico.
29- Gringa
It is a type of quesadilla in which is filled a tortilla of wheat flour with meat"al pastor"and cheese. It is then grilled just like a quesadilla. Some think that its name comes from the white points that form in the tortilla when warming up, resembling the freckles of a gringa.
30- Huarache
This traditional Mexican dish consists of an oval disk of corn dough that is fried and covered with different ingredients. Its shape resembles that of shoes, known by the same name. They are similar to sopes, but with a different shape.
31- Mole
The mole is the generic name that receives several types of sauce used in Mexican cuisine. Outside of Mexico, mole refers specifically to Mole Poblano, which includes in its preparation a large number of ingredients and species, among them chocolate.
There are other types of mole such as black, red, yellow, red, green, almond and pipián. The popularity of this dish is such and its use in festivities and celebrations so widespread that 99% of Mexicans have tried during their life at least one version of it.
32- Pozole
This dish has its origins in pre-Hispanic Mexico and its roots are rituals. It is a Mexican soup or stew made with a kind of corn called"cacahuazintle". Meat, usually pork, chicken, turkey or seafood, hot peppers and other dressings and seasonings are added.
There are also some vegetarian versions. After the Spanish conquest, the pre-Hispanic recipe of the pozole changed, nevertheless the use of maize was maintained as main ingredient.
It is a very typical dish and has different versions in the states of Sinaloa, Michoacan, Guerrero, Jalisco, Morelos and Mexico City.
33- Quesadilla
In most of Mexico, a quesadilla is a flat disc of cooked corn dough, called tortilla, folded in half lengthwise and stuffed with cheese. The quesadillas are served once the cheese has melted and are covered with sauce, sour cream and cheese.
Other ingredients can be used to fill quesadillas, such as meat, vegetables, potatoes with chorizo, pumpkin flowers, mushrooms, huitlacoche, chicharrón, among others.
Quesadillas are traditionally cooked in a comal, although occasionally they can be fried in oil.
34- Tamal
Mexican tamales are prepared with corn dough that is steamed in dried corn or banana leaves. The wrap is discarded before eating. The tamales can be filled with meat, cheese, vegetables, chiles or different stews, according to the local taste. They can be salty or sweet.
35- Pie
A cake is a Mexican sandwich, served on an oval bread about 18 inches long called a bolillo, telera or virote.
The cakes can be filled with different ingredients that vary according to the region of Mexico where you eat. They are a typical street dish that is sold in local called torterías.
36- Jamaica Water
This drink is prepared using the flower of Jamaica and is very popular in Mexico and Central America. It is one of the so-called"fresh waters". That is, economic drinks made from fruit juices or extracts. The flowers are boiled in water, filtered and added water and sugar.
37- Cajeta
The cajeta is a Mexican sweet prepared with sweetened and caramelized milk. It is believed that its name comes from the small boxes of wood in which it was originally sold. Its use in desserts is very popular and its origin is located in the city of Celaya, in the state of Guanajuato.
38- Churros
These are cylindrical pieces of dough that are fried in oil and sweetened with sugar. They are common at breakfast, accompanied by hot chocolate.
39- Pastel Tres Leches
The preparation of this dessert is very common in Mexico, using a recipe that surely was inherited by the Europeans during the conquest. It is a spongy cake that is soaked with three types of milk: evaporated, condensed and cream.
40- Thread of Kings
Known in Spain as Roscón de Reyes, it is a cake that is prepared and eaten to celebrate the Epiphany. In Mexico, it is traditionally eaten on January 6, during the celebration of Three Kings Day.
To decorate it, nuts like figs and cherries are used. The tradition of placing figures of the Child God in its interior dates from centuries ago. Whoever finds these figures while eating the thread, receives the blessing and must take the child to the church nearest to his home during the celebration of Candelaria Day, the following February 2.
More information about Mexican cuisine
The cuisine is a very relevant aspect of Mexican culture, social structure and popular traditions in this country. One of the clearest examples of this is the mole, which is used on special dates to celebrate, especially in the Central and South regions.
For this and other reasons, Mexican cuisine was included in 2010 as part of the Cultural Heritage of Humanity by the UNESCO .
Mexican cuisine is as complex as Chinese, French, Italian or Japanese cuisine. Vegetables have a very important role in this gastronomy. The most common are pumpkin, cauliflower, corn, potatoes, spinach, mushrooms and tomatoes.
Street food in Mexico is called"antojitos"and is prepared and distributed by vendors in small trades and traditional markets. Most of these dishes include corn as an ingredient.
The most popular street food in Mexico is the taco, whose origin is pre-Hispanic and is based on the tradition of eating different foods using tortillas instead of spoons or forks. In Mexico, virtually any food can be wrapped in a tortilla to be turned into a taco.
References
- Popular Mexican Food. Taken from popularmexicanfood.blogspot.com.
- List of Mexican Dishes. Taken from wikipedia.org.
- Do not leave Mexico without trying... Taken from bbcgoodfood.com.