The Aesthetic values Are the virtues of an object, event or person, that can generate different judgments or inspire positive or negative reactions.
The characteristics of a work of art, a natural landscape, a person or a situation, can allow us to make verbal or nonverbal judgments about what we perceive with any of our senses.
The valuable features or features of a work of art, for example, are appreciated according to the eye of the beholder. It is the observer who will determine whether the experience is pleasant or not.
Anything can be valuable in different ways; An artistic work can be appreciated for its economic value, historical, practical, useful, sentimental or simply by its appearance. It is at this point that we begin to distinguish aesthetic values.
Criteria of art and aesthetics
Works of art are evaluated for their aesthetic value, rather than for their instrumental or utilitarian value and although beauty is considered a value that can be highlighted as physical-visual, aesthetic values go beyond and extend to the experience that we Can generate that beauty, harmony, balance and many other properties.
Even the absence of these features can be considered through negative aesthetic values: deformity, dislike, ugliness.
Throughout history, an arduous task has been done to determine the special canons of criteria in art and aesthetics.
Psychologists have led us to the knowledge of understanding ourselves as beings that react to the complexity of stimuli that something can produce.
Art and beauty
Although the theories have been questioned to determine pure beauty, there are notions that are still defended; For example, as that beauty starts from the dimensions of complexity or symmetry and balance.
Although perfection is not necessarily part of positive aesthetic values, it tends to think that the more perfect characteristics are better.
The aesthetic currents dismantle these signs. Artists have long broken the old paradigm that aesthetic values revolve around merely positive feelings.
Chaos, drama and tragedy have been considered aesthetically good values. Even the visual disorder and the natural deformities of some work have been appreciated for their aesthetic value.
For this reason, meanings that move within aesthetic values can intrude from one side (positive) to another (negative); or vice versa. Judgments, being personal, are proper to the owner of the gaze.
However, aesthetic values are well defined as valuable properties that we give to a piece, being or sense of things.
Artistically, the aesthetic values have a special weight above the everyday and the aesthetic values that any person - non-artist - can identify.
This is due to the fact that aesthetic values are the object of study, appreciation, research and commercialization within the world of academic-professional art.
List with 20 main aesthetic values
1- Harmony
It is the value of the provided and of the pieces that fit justly integrated in a single piece. It is the union of all the elements that make up the object or being.
2- Perfection
This value is granted to what is considered free from defects or errors. This word comes from"perfectio"which means something finished, finished completely and has reached the highest possible level.
3- Equilibrio
This value deals with a state where each part that compose it compensates the effect that other parts do. They are compensated and canceled at the same time, each with the other. It refers to stability.
4- Solemnity
The solemnity refers to a high degree of seriousness and formality to the point of producing serious and heavy emotions without losing the impression generating feature.
5- Delicacy
A value that is linked with properties of fineness, softness or exquisiteness. Opposite the abruptness and roughness, delicacy is sometimes related to the fragility or the care and detail with which a work of art may have been born.
6- Tragedy
Term widely known as literary genre; This value is used to highlight terrible moments mixed with heavy drama.
7- Obscenity
Different in many cultures, it refers to the sexual, morally questioned or not accepted.
Grotesque
It refers to something tasteless or very exaggerated, uneven to delicacy or softness.
9- Trivia
A value that appropriates the vulgar, the common, without depth or essence. It refers to the basic, devoid of importance and the ordinary.
10- Horribility
When it is given the definition of horrible to something is because it usually causes displeasure or produce repugnance when facing it.
11- Beauty
It is closely related to the pleasurable, to the aesthetically beautiful. Generally this value is given to the symmetrical, harmonic and subtle; However, it is not a value that can be cloistered in a concrete definition or produce the same reactions in people. It is a real value, but it is not perceived the same by all.
12- Dingy
Value related to the dark, dark; Even has to do with death.
13- Comedy
Like tragedy, it is part of a literary genre. This value is given to works or beings that amuse and that usually produce positive emotions in the receiver.
14- Joy
Pleasant feeling linked to a good mood and satisfaction.
15- Exquisitez
Contrary to the value of the grotesque. It means good taste or refinement.
16- Majestic
Value associated with greatness and distinction.
17- Awesome
The value of the imposing is usually one of the most admired, because it is something great, amazing and magnificent.
18- Chimeric
It comes from illusion, from the unreal and the fantastic.
19- Absurd
This value is granted to the irrational, to what is out of logic and reason; Outside the conventional.
20- Mystery
This value evokes the secret, the reserved, what has not yet been revealed. The works with this value usually produce a sense of intrigue and reflection on what they see.
References
- Comparative Aesthetics (1959) Kanti Chandra Pandey. Varanasi, Chowkhamba Sanskrit Series Office.
- Emotion in Aesthetics (1995) Warren A. Shibles. Kluwer Academic Publishers.
- Aesthetic value (1995) Alan H. Goldman. Westview Press.
- Values of beauty (2005) Paul Guyer. Cambridge University Press.
- Aesthetical Value (2013) Levno Plato and Aaron Meskin. Encyclopedia of Quality of Life Research.
- Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved from: iep.utm.edu.